phytoestrogens
Many plants contain hormonlike compounds that behave like estrogens. Because only animal bodies can produce true hormones, these plant chemicals are called phytoestrogens (plant estrogen) or hormonelike compounds.
Isoflavones known as genistein (found in soy) and daidzein, two compounds with a chemical structure similar to estradiol, are the most studied of these plant compounds.
function
Isoflavone-rich foods such as soy products may provide post-menopausal women with the benefits of estrogen without the higher risk of reproductive cancers associated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT).
The incidence of uterine and breast cancer, heart disease, menopausal discomfort, and osteoporosis is lower in countries where soy is a significant part of the diet.
sources
The three kinds of plant compounds are coumestans, isoflavones and lignans:
Coumestans:
- alfalfa sprouts
- bean sprouts
Isoflavones:
- vegetables
- beans (Soy)
- fruits
Lignans:
- whole grains
The International Food Information Council has determined that, "Further clinical studies will continue to increase understanding of the role of soy in maintaining and improving health."